In vitro frog sciatic nerve as a peripheral nerve model for studies of the mechanism of action of low energy lasers: Part one

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Ebert ◽  
Cynthia Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Nerve Model ◽  
Frog Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Model

scholarly journals E8002 Inhibits Peripheral Nerve Adhesion by Enhancing Fibrinolysis of l-Ascorbic Acid in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3972
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Kikuchi ◽  
Kentaro Setoyama ◽  
Seiya Takada ◽  
Shotaro Otsuka ◽  
Kazuki Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Rat Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Surgery ◽  
Nerve Surgery

Perineural adhesions leading to neuropathy are one of the most undesirable consequences of peripheral nerve surgery. However, there are currently no widely used compounds with anti-adhesive effects in the field of peripheral nerve surgery. E8002 is a novel, anti-adhesive, multi-layer membrane that contains L-ascorbic acid (AA). Here, we investigated the effect and mechanism of E8002 in a rat sciatic nerve adhesion model. A total of 21 rats were used. Six weeks after surgery, macroscopic adhesion scores were significantly lower in the E8002 group (adhesion procedure followed by nerve wrapping with E8002) compared to the E8002 AA(−) group (adhesion procedure followed by nerve wrapping with the E8002 membrane excluding AA) and adhesion group (adhesion procedure but no treatment). Correspondingly, a microscopic examination revealed prominent scar tissue in the E8002 AA(−) and adhesion groups. Furthermore, an in vitro study using human blood samples showed that AA enhanced tissue-type, plasminogen activator-mediated fibrinolysis. Altogether, these results suggest that E8002 may exert an anti-adhesive action via AA and the regulation of fibrinolysis.

scholarly journals Expression of specific sheath cell proteins during peripheral nerve growth and regeneration in mammals.

1986 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
H W Müller ◽  
M J Ignatius ◽  
D H Hangen ◽  
E M Shooter
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Time Courses

Protein synthesis in the nerve sheath of injured as well as intact mature and developing sciatic nerves from rat and rabbit was investigated by incubating segments of nerve with [35S]methionine in vitro. The composition of labeled proteins under the different conditions of nerve growth was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and fluorography. The expression of six secreted proteins in rat sciatic nerve with the apparent molecular weights of 70,000 (70 kD), 54,000 (54 kD), 51,000 (51 kD), 39,000 (39 kD), 37,000 (37 kD), and 30,000 (30 kD) was of particular interest because of the correlation of their synthesis and secretion with aspects of nerve growth and regeneration. The synthesis of the 37-kD protein was significantly stimulated during both sciatic nerve development as well as regeneration but not in the intact mature nerve. The expression of this protein appears to be regulated by signal(s) from the axon but not the target. The 70-kD protein was exclusively synthesized in response to axotomy, thus confining its role to some aspect(s) of nerve repair. In contrast, the 54- and 51-kD proteins were expressed in the intact mature nerve sheath. Their synthesis and release was rapidly inhibited upon axotomy but returned to normal or higher levels towards the end of sciatic nerve regeneration, suggesting a role in the maintenance of the integrity of the mature (nongrowing) rat nerve. The 39- and 30-kD proteins were only transiently synthesized within the first week after axotomy. Two proteins with the apparent molecular masses of 70 and 37 kD were synthesized in denervated rabbit sciatic nerve. The similar molecular weights, net charges, and time-courses of induction suggest a homology between these proteins in rabbit and rat, indicating common molecular responses of peripheral nerve sheath cells to axon injury in both mammalian species.

N -Phenylethyl Amitriptyline in Rat Sciatic Nerve Blockade

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gerner ◽  
Mustafa Mujtaba ◽  
Mohammed Khan ◽  
Yukari Sudoh ◽  
Kamen Vlassakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Na Channel ◽  
Patch Clamp Technique ◽  
Rat Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Model

Background The antidepressant amitriptyline is commonly used orally for the treatment of chronic pain, particularly neuropathic pain, which is thought to be caused by high-frequency ectopic discharge. Among its many properties, amitriptyline is a potent Na(+) channel blocker in vitro, has local anesthetic properties in vivo, and confers additional blockade at high stimulus-discharge rates (use-dependent blockade). As with other drug modifications, adding a phenylethyl group to obtain a permanently charged quaternary ammonium derivative may improve these advantageous properties. Methods The electrophysiologic properties of N-phenylethyl amitriptyline were assessed in cultured neuronal GH(3) cells with the whole cell mode of the patch clamp technique, and the therapeutic range and toxicity were evaluated in the rat sciatic nerve model. Results In vitro, N-phenylethyl amitriptyline at 10 microm elicits a greater block of Na(+) channels than amitriptyline (resting block of approximately 90% vs. approximately 15%). This derivative also retains the attribute of amitriptyline in evoking high-degree use-dependent blockade during repetitive pulses. In vivo, duration to full recovery of nociception in the sciatic nerve model was 1,932 +/- 72 min for N-phenylethyl amitriptyline at 2.5 mm (n = 7) versus 72 +/- 3 min for lidocaine at 37 mm (n = 4; mean +/- SEM). However, there was evidence of neurotoxicity at 5 mm. Conclusion N-phenylethyl amitriptyline appears to have a narrow therapeutic range but is much more potent than lidocaine, providing a block duration several times longer than any clinically used local anesthetic. Further work in animal models of neuropathic pain will assess the potential use of this drug.

Effect of Arecoline on Regeneration of Injured Peripheral Nerves

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 865-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Chi Lee ◽  
Chin-Chuan Tsai ◽  
Chun-Hsu Yao ◽  
Yuan-Man Hsu ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

The present study provides in vitro and in vivo evaluation of arecoline on peripheral nerve regeneration. In the in vitro study, we found that arecoline at 50 μg/ml could significantly promote the survival and outgrowth of cultured Schwann cells as compared to the controls treated with culture medium only. In the in vivo study, we evaluated peripheral nerve regeneration across a 10-mm gap in the sciatic nerve of the rat, using a silicone rubber nerve chamber filled with the arecoline solution. In the control group, the chambers were filled with normal saline only. At the end of the fourth week, morphometric data revealed that the arecoline-treated group at 5 μg/ml significantly increased the number and the density of myelinated axons as compared to the controls. Immunohistochemical staining in the arecoline-treated animals at 5 μg/ml also showed their neural cells in the L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia ipsilateral to the injury were strongly retrograde-labeled with fluorogold and lamina I–II regions in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to the injury were significantly calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunolabeled compared with the controls. In addition, we found that the number of macrophages recruited in the distal sciatic nerve was increased as the concentration of arecoline was increased. Electrophysiological measurements showed the arecoline-treated groups at 5 and 50 μg/ml had a relatively larger nerve conductive velocity of the evoked muscle action potentials compared to the controls. These results indicate that arecoline could stimulate local inflammatory conditions, improving the recovery of a severe peripheral nerve injury.

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